Gingival examination

• tooth mobility
• furcation involvement
• gingival margin (mm),
• probing depth (mm)
• notes.

The degree of the furcation is charted using a circle. - an open circle (degree 1) - a semicircle (degree 2) - a filled in circle (degree 3)

The blue shaded area representing periodontal pockets will be created automatically when the red line which represents the gingival margin and the blue line which represents the attachment level (bottom of the periodontal pocket) are defined

• gingival margin(red)
• probing depth(blue)

• Therefore,Probing Depth (mm) – Gingival Margin (mm) = Attachment Level (mm) For healthy gums attachment = 0 mm For pockets = 7-2 = >4 mm For recession= 2 -4 =< -2 mm

• Six sites per tooth and thier angulation

• furcation involvement

  • Furcations of all molars and first premolars of the upper jaw should be assessed with a furcation probe. The horizontal component of probing is graded (0 - 3) according to the following criteria (Hamp et al., 1975):
  • Grade 0 = Furcation not detectable
  • Grade 1 = Furcation detectable, with a horizontal component of probing ≤3mm
  • Grade 2 = Furcation detectable, with a horizontal component of probing >3mm
  • Grade 3 = Furcation is opened through and through

• Tooth mobility

  • Tooth mobility should be determined using two single-ended instruments and assessed according to the following criteria (Miller, 1950):
    • Grade 0 = Normal (physiologic) tooth mobility
    • Grade 1 = detectable mobility (up to 1mm horizontally)
    • Grade 2 = detectable mobility (more than 1mm horizontally)
    • Grade 3 = detectable vertical tooth mobility

• bleeding on probing

• plaque
• calculus
• debris