Disease affects oral structures

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= Developmental disturbances of oral lymphoid tissue == Reactive lymphoid aggregate 41 == Lymphoid hamartoma 41 == Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia 42

== Physical injuries of the bone 686 == Fractures of the jaws 686 == Fractures of the maxilla 686 == Fractures of the mandible 687 == Focal osteoporotic bone marrow defect of the jaw 687 == == == == == Physical injuries of soft tissues 688 == Linea alba 688 == Toothbrush trauma 689 == Traumatic ulcer 689 == Traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia == 690 == Angina bullosa hemorrhagica 691 == Factitial injuries 692 == Lip biting and cheek biting 692 == Denture injuries 693 == Traumatic ulcer 693 == Generalized inflammation 693 == Inflammatory (fibrous) hyperplasia 693 == Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia 694 == Denture base intolerance or allergy 695 == Sialolithiasis 695 == Maxillary antrolithiasis 697 == Rhinolithiasis 697 == Radiation injuries 697 == General effects of radiation on tissue 697 == Effects on skin 698 == Effects on oral mucosa 699 == Effects on salivary glands 699 == Effects on teeth 699 == Effects on bone 700 == Osteoradionecrosis 700 == Laser radiation 701 == Electrical burns 701 == Cervicofacial emphysema 701 == Anesthetic necrosis 702 == Human bite 702 == Oral trauma related to sexual practices 702 == Chemical injuries of oral cavity 703 == Nonallergic reaction to drugs and chemicals used locally == 703 == Aspirin 703 == Endodontic materials 703 == Gutta-percha 704 == Clove oil 704 == Nonallergic reactions to drugs and chemicals used == systemically 704 == Dilantin sodium 705 == Cyclosporine 705 == Nifedipine 706 == Lead 706 == Mercury 706 == Maxillary antrolithiasis 697 == Rhinolithiasis 697 == Radiation injuries 697 == General effects of radiation on tissue 697 == Effects on skin 698 == Effects on oral mucosa 699 == Effects on salivary glands 699 == Effects on teeth 699 == Effects on bone 700 == Osteoradionecrosis 700 == Laser radiation 701 == Electrical burns 701 == Cervicofacial emphysema 701 == Anesthetic necrosis 702 == Human bite 702 == Oral trauma related to sexual practices 702 == Chemical injuries of oral cavity 703 == Nonallergic reaction to drugs and chemicals used locally == 703 == Aspirin 703 == Endodontic materials 703 == Gutta-percha 704 == Clove oil 704 == Nonallergic reactions to drugs and chemicals used == systemically 704 == Dilantin sodium 705 == Cyclosporine 705 == Nifedipine 706 == Lead 706 == Mercury 706 == == == Mucosal response to oral == prostheses: Some pathological == considerations == Mahesh Verma’, Priya Kumar == CHAPTER OUTLINE == Denture in the oral environment 759 == Sequelae caused by wearing removable prostheses 760 == Interaction of prosthetic materials and the oral == environment 760 == Direct sequelae caused by wearing dentures 760 == Denture stomatitis 760 == Flabby ridge 761 == Denture irritation hyperplasia 761 == Traumatic ulcers 762 == Angular cheilitis 762 == Oral cancer in denture wearers 763 == Burning mouth syndrome 763 == Etiological factors 763 == Gagging 764 == Residual ridge resorption 764 == Overdenture abutments: caries and periodontal disease == 764 == Indirect sequelae 764 == Atrophy of masticatory muscles 764 == Nutritional deficiencies 765 == Masticatory ability and performance 765 == Allergic reactions 765 == Peri-implant disease 766 == Oral reactions to orthodontic appliances 768 == Effect on teeth 768 == Enamel 768 == Pulp 768 == Roots 769 == Effect on periodontium 769 == Effects on lining mucosa 769 == Allergy 769 == == == == == == == == == # structure == == sets == - tooth and gingiva(direction) == == Abnormalities of dental arch relations 18 == Developmental disturbances in size of teeth 45 == Microdontia 45 == Macrodontia 45 == Developmental disturbances in shape of teeth 45 == Gemination 45 == Fusion 46 == Concrescence 46 == Lobodontia 48 == Globodontia 48 == Dilaceration 48 == Talon cusp 49 == Dens in dente 49 == Dens evaginatus 50 == Enamel pearl 50 == Taurodontism 51 == Supernumerary roots 52 == Developmental disturbances in number of teeth 52 == Anodontia 52 == Supernumerary teeth 54 == Predeciduous dentition 55 == Postpermanent dentition 56 == Developmental disturbances in structure of teeth 56 == Amelogenesis imperfecta 56 == Environmental enamel hypoplasia 58 == Dentinogenesis imperfecta 62 == Dentin dysplasia 64 == Regional odontodysplasia 65 == Dentin hypocalcification 65 == Disturbances in eruption of teeth 66 == Premature eruption 66 == Eruption sequestrum 66 == Delayed eruption 67 == Multiple unerupted teeth 67 == Retained deciduous teeth 67 == Management 68 == Embedded and impacted teeth 68 == Ankylosed deciduous teeth 70

= Physical and chemical injuries of the oral cavity == Injuries of teeth associated with tooth preparation 680 == Effect of tooth preparation 680 == Effect of heat 680 == Effect of restorative materials 680 == Zinc oxide eugenol 681 == Silver amalgam 681 == Glass-ionomer 681 == Restorative resins 681 == Self-polymerizing acrylic resin 681 == Conventional composite resins 681 == Microfilled composite resins 682 == Effect of cement bases, cavity liners, varnishes, and == primers 682 == Cement bases 682 == Cavity liners 682 == Cavity varnishes 683 == Effect of cavity-sterilizing agents 683 == Physical injuries of the teeth 683 == Bruxism 683 == Fractures of teeth 684 == Cracked tooth syndrome 685 == Injuries to the supporting structures of the tooth 685 == Concussion 685 == Subluxation 685 == Avulsion 685 == Tooth ankylosis 686

= Spread of oral infection == Osteomyelitis 452 == Acute suppurative osteomyelitis 453 == Chronic suppurative osteomyelitis 454 == Chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis 455 == Chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis 456 == Chronic osteomyelitis with proliferative periostitis 457 == Cellulitis 459 == Infections of specific tissue spaces 460 == Spread of infection from maxillary teeth 460 == Spread of infection from mandibular teeth 460 == Manifestations of various space infections 461 == Infratemporal space 461 == Pterygomandibular space 461 == Lateral pharyngeal space 461 == Retropharyngeal space 462 == Parotid space 463 == Space of Body of the Mandible 463 == Submasseteric space 463 == Submandibular or Inframandibular Spaces 463 == Submandibular space 464 == Sublingual space 464 == Submental space 465 == Ludwig angina 465 == Cavernous sinus thrombosis or thrombophlebitis 466 == Maxillary sinusitis 466 == Acute maxillary sinusitis 466 == Chronic maxillary sinusitis 467 == Focal infection 467 == Mechanism of focal infection 468 == Oral foci of infection 468 == Significance of oral foci of infection 468

= buccal mucosa == Developmental disturbances of oral mucosa 26 == Pigmented cellular nevus 26 == Labial and oral melanotic macule 29 == Hereditary intestinal polyposis syndrome 30 == Fordyce granules 31 == Focal epithelial hyperplasia 31 == Developmental disturbances of gingiva 32 == Fibromatosis gingivae 32 == Retrocuspid papilla 33

= palate == Developmental disturbances of lips and palate 18 == Cleft lip and cleft palate 18 == Congenital lip and commissural pits, and fistulas 22 == van der Doude syndrome 22 == Double lip 23 == Cheilitis glandularis 24 == Cheilitis granulomatosa 25

= tongue == Developmental disturbances of tongue 34 == Aglossia and microglossia syndrome 34 == Macroglossia 34 == Ankyloglossia 35 == Cleft tongue 35 == Fissured tongue 35 == Median rhomboid glossitis 36 == Benign migratory glossitis 38 == Hairy tongue 39 == Lingual varices 40 == Lingual thyroid nodule 40

= salivary glands == Developmental disturbances of salivary glands 42 == Aplasia 42 == Xerostomia 43 == Hyperplasia of palatal glands 44 == Atresia 44 == Aberrancy 45

= muscles of mastication (disease of muscles and nerve) == Disturbances of fifth cranial nerve 584 == Trigeminal neuralgia 584 == Paratrigeminal syndrome 586 == Sphenopalatine neuralgia 587 == Burning mouth syndrome 587 == Orolingual paresthesia 588 == Auriculotemporal syndrome 588 == Disturbances of seventh cranial nerve 589 == Bell palsy 589 == Disturbances of ninth cranial nerve 590 == Glossopharyngeal neuralgia 590 == Miscellaneous disturbances of nerves 590 == Dysgeusia 590 == Neuritis 592 == Migraine 592 == Temporal/giant cell arteritis 592 == Complex regional pain syndrome 593 == Atypical facial pain 593 == Atypical odontalgia 594 == Horner syndrome 594 == Motor system disease 594 == Multiple sclerosis 595 == Orofacial dyskinesia 595 == Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome 596 == Diseases of the muscles 596 == Dystrophies 597 == Severe generalized familial muscular dystrophy == 597 == Mild restricted muscular dystrophy 597 == Myotonias 597 == Dystrophic myotonia 598 == Congenital myotonia 598 == Acquired myotonia 598 == Hemifacial spasm 598 == Periodic paralyses 599 == Hypotonia 599 == Myasthenia 599 == Myasthenia gravis 599 == Myositis 600 == Dermatomyositis 600 == Heterotopic ossification 601 == Proliferative myositis 603 == Focal myositis 603 == Miscellaneous myopathies 603 == Congenital facial diplegia 603

= Developmental disturbances of jaws 12 == Agnathia 12 == Micrognathia 12 == Pierre Robin syndrome 13 == Macrognathia 14 == Mandibulofacial dysostosis 14 == Facial hemihypertrophy 15 == Facial hemiatrophy 16

= Bone and joint diseases == Diseases of the bone involving maxilla and mandible == Osteogenesis imperfecta 472 == Sillence classification of osteogenesis == imperfecta 473 == Osteopetrosis 474 == Fibrous dysplasia 475 == McCune–Albright syndrome 479 == Cemento-osseous dysplasia 480 == Gigantiform cementoma 481 == Cherubism 482 == Paget disease 484 == Massive osteolysis 488 == Infantile cortical hyperostosis 488 == Marfan syndrome 489 == Craniosynostosis syndromes 490 == Craniofacial dysostosis 491 == Apert syndrome 492 == Achondrogenesis 493 == Achondroplasia 494 == Chondroectodermal dysplasia 495 == Cleidocranial dysplasia 495 == Tricho-dento-osseous syndrome 497 == Down syndrome 497 == Langerhans cell histiocytosis 498 == Eosinophilic granuloma 499 == Hand–Schüller–Christian disease 499 == Letterer–Siwe disease 502 == Diseases of temporomandibular joint 502

= Developmental disturbances of temporomandibular joint == Condylar hypoplasia/aplasia 502 == Condylar hyperplasia 503 == Bifid condyle 504 == Traumatic disturbances of temporomandibular joint == Dislocation of the condyles 504 == Ankylosis of TMJ 505 == Internal derangement of articular disk 506 == Inflammatory disturbances of temporomandibular joint == 508 == Osteoarthritis 508 == Rheumatoid arthritis 509 == Septic (infectious) arthritis 510 == Loose joint bodies 511 == Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) 511 == Neoplasms of temporomandibular joint 512

= systemic == Tuberculosis 309 == Extensively drug resistant tuberculosis 313 == Leprosy 313 == Actinomycosis 314 == Tetanus 316 == Syphilis 317 == Acquired syphilis 317 == Congenital (prenatal) syphilis 319 == Gonorrhea 320 == Granuloma inguinale 320 == Noma 321 == Scarlet fever 322 == Diphtheria 322 == Botryomycosis 324 == Tularemia 324 == Rhinoscleroma 325 == Cat-scratch disease 325 == Pyostomatitis vegetans 325

= Viral infections == Measles 328 == Mumps 329 == Nonspecific “mumps” 330 == Chronic nonspecific sialadenitis 330 == Acute postoperative parotitis 330 == Nutritional “mumps” 331 == Chemical “mumps” 331 == Miscellaneous factors 331 == Rubella 332 == Herpangina 332 == Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis 332 == Hand-foot-and-mouth disease 333 == Foot-and-mouth disease 333 == Chikungunya 334 == Herpes simplex 334 == Primary herpetic stomatitis 336 == HSV infection and pregnancy 337 == Recurrent or secondary herpetic labialis and stomatitis == 337 == Chickenpox 339 == Herpes zoster 340 == Cytomegalovirus inclusion disease 342 == Infectious mononucleosis 342 == Smallpox 344 == Molluscum contagiosum 344 == Condyloma acuminatum 345 == Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 345 == Human immunodeficiency virus 346 == Oral lesions in HIV infection 347 == Diagnosis of HIV 351 == Coronavirus disease 353

= Mycotic infections == Candidiasis 354 == Pseudomembranous candidiasis 355 == Erythematous candidiasis 356 == Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis 356 == Candida-associated lesions 357 == Denture stomatitis 357 == Secondary oral candidiasis 358 == Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis 358 == Phycomycosis 359 == Rhinosporidiosis 361 == Aspergillosis 361 == Histoplasmosis 362 == North American blastomycosis 363 == South American blastomycosis 364 == Coccidioidomycosis 364 == Cryptococcosis 364 == Geotrichosis 365 == Sporotrichosis 365 == Paracytic infections 366 == Toxoplasmosis 366 == Helminthic diseases 367 == Cysticercosis 367 == Trichinosis 367 == Hydatid cyst 368 == Oral myiasis 368

= Hematologic diseases == Diseases involving red blood cells 513 == Anemia 513 == Anemia of reduced erythropoiesis 515 == Iron-deficiency anemia and Plummer–Vinson == syndrome 515 == Megaloblastic anemia 517 == Aplastic anemia 520 == Thalassemia 526 == Polycythemia 529 == Polycythemia vera 529 == Diseases involving white blood cells 531 == Leukopenia 531 == Neutropenia/granulocytopenia 531 == Cyclic neutropenia 533 == Agranulocytosis 534 == Leukocytosis 535 == Leukemia 535 == Acute myeloid leukemia 537 == Chronic myelogenous leukemia 537 == Acute leukemia 539 == Chronic leukemia 539 == Diseases involving blood platelets 540 == Thrombocytopenia 541 == Thrombocytopenic purpura 541 == Diseases involving specific blood factors 544 == Hemophilia 545 == von Willebrand disease 546 == Rare clotting factor deficiencies 547 == Plasminogen deficiency 547

= Diseases of the skin == Ectodermal dysplasia 549 == White sponge nevus 551 == Hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis 552 == Dyskeratosis congenita 553 == Xeroderma pigmentosum 554 == Ehlers–Danlos syndrome 554 == Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome 556 == Focal dermal hypoplasia syndrome 556 == Oral lichen planus 557 == Lichenoid reaction 561 == Pemphigus 562 == Pemphigus vulgaris 562 == Pemphigus foliaceus 565 == Paraneoplastic pemphigus 565 == Familial benign pemphigus 566 == Cicatricial pemphigoid 567 == Bullous pemphigoid 568 == Epidermolysis bullosa 569 == Epidermolysis bullosa simplex 569 == Junctional epidermolysis bullosa 570 == Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophic, dominant 570 == Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophic, recessive 570 == Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita 571 == Erythema multiforme 571 == Stevens–Johnson syndrome 572 == Systemic lupus erythematosus 573 == Discoid lupus erythematosus 575 == Systemic sclerosis 576 == Psoriasis 578 == Acanthosis nigricans 580 == Pityriasis rosea 580 == Dermatitis herpetiformis 582 == Solar elastosis 582 == Graft-versus-host diseases 583

= Allergic and immunologic == Recurrent aphthous stomatitis 605 == Behçet syndrome 609 == Reiter syndrome 610 == Sarcoidosis 611 == Uveoparotid fever 611 == Angioedema 612 == Drug allergy 613 == Contact stomatitis and dermatitis 615 == Contact stomatitis from cinnamon flavoring agent 616 == Contact stomatitis from chronic oral mucosal contact with == dental amalgam 617 == Perioral dermatitis 617 == Latex allergy 617 == Midline lethal granuloma 618 == Wegener granulomatosis 618 == Chronic granulomatous disease 619

= Oral aspects of metabolic diseases == Disturbances in mineral metabolism 622 == Minerals 622 == Calcium 622 == Phosphorus 625 == Magnesium 625 == Sodium 626 == Potassium 627 == Chlorine 628 == Trace elements 628 == Iodine 628 == Copper 628 == Iron 629 == Zinc 629 == Manganese 630 == Cobalt 630 == Chromium 630 == Selenium 630 == Fluoride 631 == Disturbances in protein metabolism 631 == Protein requirements 632 == Protein–energy (calorie) malnutrition 632 == Marasmus 632 == Kwashiorkor 632 == Individual amino acids 633 == Amyloidosis 633 == Porphyria 634 == Erythropoietic uroporphyria 635 == Lysosomal storage diseases 635 == Disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism 636 == Mucopolysaccharidoses 636 == Hurler syndrome 636 == Lipoid proteinosis 637 == Hereditary fructose intolerance 637 == Disturbances in lipid metabolism 637 == Gaucher disease 638 == Niemann–Pick disease 639 == Letterer–Siwe disease 639 == Avitaminoses 640 == Fat-soluble vitamins 640 == Vitamin A 640 == Hypervitaminosis A 641 == Vitamin D 642 == Vitamin D and cancer 642 == Relationship with calcium and phosphorus == homeostasis 642 == Vitamin D–deficient rickets 642 == Osteomalacia 643 == Vitamin D–resistant rickets 64 == Renal rickets 644 == Hypophosphatasia 644 == Pseudohypophosphatasia 646 == Vitamin E 646 == Vitamin K 647 == Water-soluble vitamins 647 == Vitamin C 647 == Vitamin B complex 649 == Riboflavin 650 == Niacin (pellagra) 651 == Pantothenic acid 651 == Pyridoxine 652 == Choline 652 == Biotin 652 == Inositol 652 == Folic acid 652 == Vitamin B12 652 == Disturbances in hormone metabolism 652 == Pituitary hormones 653 == Hypopituitarism 654 == Hyperpituitarism 654 == Thyroid hormone 655 == Hypothyroidism 655 == Hyperthyroidism 656 == Parathyroid hormone 656 == Primary hyperparathyroidism 656 == Secondary hyperparathyroidism 658 == Hypoparathyroidism 658 == Gonadal hormones 6 == Adrenal hormones 658 == Acute insufficiency of the adrenal cortex 659 == Chronic insufficiency of the adrenal cortex: == Addison disease 659 == Hyperfunction of adrenal gland 660 == Stress and the “adaptation syndrome” 660 == Pancreatic hormone: insulin 661 == Diabetes mellitus 661 == Progeria 662

  • teeth and giviga

  • oral mucosa

  • apperance, area => size ,shape

  • scrapable or not
  • etiology(pathological)
  • painful or painless